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Antifreeze: Pure glycol (typically 95%) with an inhibitor package added. Antifreeze can not be used by itself, it must be mixed with water before being put into the engine's cooling system.
Azole: These chemicals provide copper and brass protection. The two most common are MBT (Mercaptobenzothiazole) and TT (or TTZ) (Tolyltriazole).
Borate: a very soluble pH buffer used in premium antifreezes.
Coolant: Antifreeze mixed with water, or water mixed with an additive package for use in warm climates.
Conventional or Inorganic coolant: by far the most common type of coolant, usually flourescent green to green. May contain some or a combination of the following depenting on formulation. Phosphates, nitrites, nitrates, TTZ, borates, silicates, molybdates and MBT.
Conventional Coolant: Ethylene glycol that contains a corrosion inhibition package consisting of inorganic inhibitors such as silicate, phosphate, nitrate, and azoles.
Fully Formulated antifreeze or coolant. A modern product that contains all of the necessary inhibitors for both diesel and gasoline powered engines. (TMC RP-329 or TMC RP-330 specifications)
Ethylene Glycol: The most common base used in the manufacturing of antifreeze.
Liner Pitting: Physical erosion of the cast iron cylnder liner in diesel engines.
Nitrite: The primary inhibitor for wet sleeve liner pitting protection. It also protects against rust.
Nitrate: A corrosion inhibitor that provides solder and aluminum protection.
Organic Coolant: OAT, Organic Acid Technology. An ethylene glycol based formulation most comonly marketed as Dexcool®. Orange in color. Proported to be an extended service interval coolant lessening the need for frequent coolant changes.
pH: A measure of the alkalinity of the coolant.
Permeate: The fluid that results from the passage of the water and glycol molecules throughthe membrane.
Phosphate: An inexpensive pH buffer. Phosphate is used in some antifreeze brands. It is not permitted in coolant used to protect Mercedes, BMW, Volkswagen MTU or Detroit Diesel engines.
Propylene Glycol: A less toxic, but more costly, alternative to Ethylene Glycol.
Reserve Alkalinity: A measurement of the number of milliliters of acid that is required to reduce the pH of a coolant sample to 5.5. A quality control tool.
Reject: The fluid that is rejected (not passed through the membrane) which contains contamanants, chemicals and dyes. This reject is typically disposed of via a hazardous waste hauler by the generator of the waste.
SCA: Supplemental Coolant Additive, a chemical mixture that is added to heavy duty coolant that contains all the necessary inhobitors necessary for use in wet sleeve diesel engines. Without SCA diesel engines will likely experience liner pitting and premature failure.
Silicate: The primary conventional inhibitor for aluminum. In heavy duty coolants, lower (less than 250 ppm) silicate concentrations are generally preferred.
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